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Discussion of precise time and frequency measurement

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Performance verification for time counters

BK
Bob kb8tq
Thu, Nov 30, 2017 2:39 PM

Hi

Sweep the transfer function from 100 Hz down to 0.001 Hz at 50 points per decade.
Spend enough time at each point to get to 0.001 db sort of accuracy. The first decade
goes pretty fast. That last decade ( 0.01 Hz period to 0.001 Hz) …. not so much. The
request always has both the silly frequency and the nonsense db fraction in it ….

Bob

On Nov 30, 2017, at 3:29 AM, Poul-Henning Kamp phk@phk.freebsd.dk wrote:


In message 42A2F881-1631-402C-8ED6-2C863F6FEE71@n1k.org, Bob kb8tq writes:

Needless to say demonstrating this 0.001 db sort of gain flatness on a repeater
out to crazy low frequencies is a bit involved. It is a great gig if you happen to be
a consultant …

demonstrating 0.001 dB (or would that really be 0.1 mB or 100 microBels) precision in any application is a bit involved.  That's 0.03%

Yup, now do it at some silly low frequency ( 0.(some number of zeros)1 Hz …. great way to waste a lot of time.

Sorry, I don't see the challenge:  HP3458A in sampling mode, careful cabling, done.

At RF frequencies where you have to think about impedance however...

--
Poul-Henning Kamp      | UNIX since Zilog Zeus 3.20
phk@FreeBSD.ORG        | TCP/IP since RFC 956
FreeBSD committer      | BSD since 4.3-tahoe
Never attribute to malice what can adequately be explained by incompetence.

Hi Sweep the transfer function from 100 Hz down to 0.001 Hz at 50 points per decade. Spend enough time at each point to get to 0.001 db sort of accuracy. The first decade goes pretty fast. That last decade ( 0.01 Hz period to 0.001 Hz) …. not so much. The request always has both the silly frequency and the nonsense db fraction in it …. Bob > On Nov 30, 2017, at 3:29 AM, Poul-Henning Kamp <phk@phk.freebsd.dk> wrote: > > -------- > In message <42A2F881-1631-402C-8ED6-2C863F6FEE71@n1k.org>, Bob kb8tq writes: > >>>> Needless to say *demonstrating* this 0.001 db sort of gain flatness on a repeater >>>> out to crazy low frequencies is a bit involved. It *is* a great gig if you happen to be >>>> a consultant … >>> >>> demonstrating 0.001 dB (or would that really be 0.1 mB or 100 microBels) precision in *any* application is a bit involved. That's 0.03% >>> >> >> Yup, now do it at some silly low frequency ( 0.(some number of zeros)1 Hz …. great way to waste a lot of time. > > Sorry, I don't see the challenge: HP3458A in sampling mode, careful cabling, done. > > At RF frequencies where you have to think about impedance however... > > > -- > Poul-Henning Kamp | UNIX since Zilog Zeus 3.20 > phk@FreeBSD.ORG | TCP/IP since RFC 956 > FreeBSD committer | BSD since 4.3-tahoe > Never attribute to malice what can adequately be explained by incompetence.
AK
Attila Kinali
Thu, Nov 30, 2017 5:10 PM

On Thu, 30 Nov 2017 09:39:59 -0500
Bob kb8tq kb8tq@n1k.org wrote:

That last decade ( 0.01 Hz period to 0.001 Hz)

What puzzles me here is, the reason why someone would care
about sub-1Hz frequencies in a telephone system? IIRC POTS
did cut off somewhere areound 100-300Hz anyways.

		Attila Kinali

--
It is upon moral qualities that a society is ultimately founded. All
the prosperity and technological sophistication in the world is of no
use without that foundation.
-- Miss Matheson, The Diamond Age, Neil Stephenson

On Thu, 30 Nov 2017 09:39:59 -0500 Bob kb8tq <kb8tq@n1k.org> wrote: > That last decade ( 0.01 Hz period to 0.001 Hz) What puzzles me here is, the reason why someone would care about sub-1Hz frequencies in a telephone system? IIRC POTS did cut off somewhere areound 100-300Hz anyways. Attila Kinali -- It is upon moral qualities that a society is ultimately founded. All the prosperity and technological sophistication in the world is of no use without that foundation. -- Miss Matheson, The Diamond Age, Neil Stephenson
BK
Bob kb8tq
Thu, Nov 30, 2017 5:42 PM

Hi

They aren’t looking at voice signals, they are looking at the distribution
of timing signals. The filters cut off well below voice frequencies. The
issue (as originally mentioned) is peaking in very long chains of repeaters.
Since the cutoff can be very low (just like with a GPSDO), the frequencies
involved in a full amplitude and phase sweep are very low as well. If you want
very tight db accuracy, that pretty much implies that you have a good number
for “zero” frequency …… that puts you into silly season if somebody decides
it must be “tested in”.

Bob

On Nov 30, 2017, at 12:10 PM, Attila Kinali attila@kinali.ch wrote:

On Thu, 30 Nov 2017 09:39:59 -0500
Bob kb8tq kb8tq@n1k.org wrote:

That last decade ( 0.01 Hz period to 0.001 Hz)

What puzzles me here is, the reason why someone would care
about sub-1Hz frequencies in a telephone system? IIRC POTS
did cut off somewhere areound 100-300Hz anyways.

		Attila Kinali

--
It is upon moral qualities that a society is ultimately founded. All
the prosperity and technological sophistication in the world is of no
use without that foundation.
-- Miss Matheson, The Diamond Age, Neil Stephenson


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Hi They aren’t looking at voice signals, they are looking at the distribution of timing signals. The filters cut off well below voice frequencies. The issue (as originally mentioned) is peaking in very long chains of repeaters. Since the cutoff can be *very* low (just like with a GPSDO), the frequencies involved in a full amplitude and phase sweep are very low as well. If you want very tight db accuracy, that pretty much implies that you have a good number for “zero” frequency …… that puts you into silly season if somebody decides it must be “tested in”. Bob > On Nov 30, 2017, at 12:10 PM, Attila Kinali <attila@kinali.ch> wrote: > > On Thu, 30 Nov 2017 09:39:59 -0500 > Bob kb8tq <kb8tq@n1k.org> wrote: > >> That last decade ( 0.01 Hz period to 0.001 Hz) > > What puzzles me here is, the reason why someone would care > about sub-1Hz frequencies in a telephone system? IIRC POTS > did cut off somewhere areound 100-300Hz anyways. > > Attila Kinali > -- > It is upon moral qualities that a society is ultimately founded. All > the prosperity and technological sophistication in the world is of no > use without that foundation. > -- Miss Matheson, The Diamond Age, Neil Stephenson > _______________________________________________ > time-nuts mailing list -- time-nuts@febo.com > To unsubscribe, go to https://www.febo.com/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/time-nuts > and follow the instructions there.
PK
Poul-Henning Kamp
Thu, Nov 30, 2017 7:09 PM

In message 20171130181024.832c6adfd3cea0658ba430f1@kinali.ch, Attila Kinali w
rites:

What puzzles me here is, the reason why someone would care
about sub-1Hz frequencies in a telephone system? IIRC POTS
did cut off somewhere areound 100-300Hz anyways.

They did not.

Most carrier frequency facilities had bottom frequencies in the 50kHz
area or higher.

Bob brought up the sub-Hz stuff, I pressume he knows what it is used for.

--
Poul-Henning Kamp      | UNIX since Zilog Zeus 3.20
phk@FreeBSD.ORG        | TCP/IP since RFC 956
FreeBSD committer      | BSD since 4.3-tahoe
Never attribute to malice what can adequately be explained by incompetence.

-------- In message <20171130181024.832c6adfd3cea0658ba430f1@kinali.ch>, Attila Kinali w rites: >What puzzles me here is, the reason why someone would care >about sub-1Hz frequencies in a telephone system? IIRC POTS >did cut off somewhere areound 100-300Hz anyways. They did not. Most carrier frequency facilities had bottom frequencies in the 50kHz area or higher. Bob brought up the sub-Hz stuff, I pressume he knows what it is used for. -- Poul-Henning Kamp | UNIX since Zilog Zeus 3.20 phk@FreeBSD.ORG | TCP/IP since RFC 956 FreeBSD committer | BSD since 4.3-tahoe Never attribute to malice what can adequately be explained by incompetence.
LB
Leo Bodnar
Fri, Dec 1, 2017 9:10 PM

Poul-Henning, Magnus, et al. thanks for your suggestions - they were not in vain.

As promised, I started setting up dual asynchronous sources experiment and performed a quick sanity check.
What I have [unsurprisingly] found is that at this level controlled environment is a problem in itself.
For example, undoing input signal SMA connector by one turn shifted my results by around 3.5ps - close to expected figure but still inconvenient.
I'll have to plan the setup before I build and validate it, otherwise the results are not trustworthy.

I hope this message makes it to the list - my previous one didn't.  I am staying off the list for now.

Thanks
Leo

P.S. I do know about torque wrenches.

On 29 Nov 2017, at 21:51, Poul-Henning Kamp wrote:

Lock it to the same frequency as your reference signal, but set it
for pure sine output slightly offset in frequency (10.000010/9.999990
MHz), so that your know your TI sweeps the entire window.

Poul-Henning, Magnus, et al. thanks for your suggestions - they were not in vain. As promised, I started setting up dual asynchronous sources experiment and performed a quick sanity check. What I have [unsurprisingly] found is that at this level controlled environment is a problem in itself. For example, undoing input signal SMA connector by one turn shifted my results by around 3.5ps - close to expected figure but still inconvenient. I'll have to plan the setup before I build and validate it, otherwise the results are not trustworthy. I hope this message makes it to the list - my previous one didn't. I am staying off the list for now. Thanks Leo P.S. I do know about torque wrenches. On 29 Nov 2017, at 21:51, Poul-Henning Kamp wrote: > Lock it to the same frequency as your reference signal, but set it > for pure sine output slightly offset in frequency (10.000010/9.999990 > MHz), so that your know your TI sweeps the entire window.
AK
Attila Kinali
Sat, Dec 2, 2017 10:05 AM

On Fri, 1 Dec 2017 21:10:55 +0000
Leo Bodnar leo@leobodnar.com wrote:

As promised, I started setting up dual asynchronous sources experiment
and performed a quick sanity check.  What I have [unsurprisingly] found
is that at this level controlled environment is a problem in itself.
For example, undoing input signal SMA connector by one turn shifted my
results by around 3.5ps - close to expected figure but still inconvenient.
I'll have to plan the setup before I build and validate it, otherwise the
results are not trustworthy.

3.5ps is pretty much what I'd expect in additional delay, when undoing an
SMA connector by one turn. One turn is about 0.7mm, assuming a VF of 0.6
you get to ~3.5ps.
I am quite impressed that you could measure it this accurately.
What measurement technique do you use?

			Attila Kinali

--
<JaberWorky> The bad part of Zurich is where the degenerates
throw DARK chocolate at you.

On Fri, 1 Dec 2017 21:10:55 +0000 Leo Bodnar <leo@leobodnar.com> wrote: > As promised, I started setting up dual asynchronous sources experiment > and performed a quick sanity check. What I have [unsurprisingly] found > is that at this level controlled environment is a problem in itself. > For example, undoing input signal SMA connector by one turn shifted my > results by around 3.5ps - close to expected figure but still inconvenient. > I'll have to plan the setup before I build and validate it, otherwise the > results are not trustworthy. 3.5ps is pretty much what I'd expect in additional delay, when undoing an SMA connector by one turn. One turn is about 0.7mm, assuming a VF of 0.6 you get to ~3.5ps. I am quite impressed that you could measure it this accurately. What measurement technique do you use? Attila Kinali -- <JaberWorky> The bad part of Zurich is where the degenerates throw DARK chocolate at you.
MD
Magnus Danielson
Sun, Dec 3, 2017 3:07 PM

Hi,

On 12/02/2017 11:05 AM, Attila Kinali wrote:

On Fri, 1 Dec 2017 21:10:55 +0000
Leo Bodnar leo@leobodnar.com wrote:

As promised, I started setting up dual asynchronous sources experiment
and performed a quick sanity check.  What I have [unsurprisingly] found
is that at this level controlled environment is a problem in itself.
For example, undoing input signal SMA connector by one turn shifted my
results by around 3.5ps - close to expected figure but still inconvenient.
I'll have to plan the setup before I build and validate it, otherwise the
results are not trustworthy.

3.5ps is pretty much what I'd expect in additional delay, when undoing an
SMA connector by one turn. One turn is about 0.7mm, assuming a VF of 0.6
you get to ~3.5ps.

There is a reason that one should use SMA momentum keys for repeatability.

I am quite impressed that you could measure it this accurately.

A VNA should not have a problem measuring that at RF frequencies.

Cheers,
Magnus

Hi, On 12/02/2017 11:05 AM, Attila Kinali wrote: > On Fri, 1 Dec 2017 21:10:55 +0000 > Leo Bodnar <leo@leobodnar.com> wrote: > >> As promised, I started setting up dual asynchronous sources experiment >> and performed a quick sanity check. What I have [unsurprisingly] found >> is that at this level controlled environment is a problem in itself. >> For example, undoing input signal SMA connector by one turn shifted my >> results by around 3.5ps - close to expected figure but still inconvenient. >> I'll have to plan the setup before I build and validate it, otherwise the >> results are not trustworthy. > > 3.5ps is pretty much what I'd expect in additional delay, when undoing an > SMA connector by one turn. One turn is about 0.7mm, assuming a VF of 0.6 > you get to ~3.5ps. There is a reason that one should use SMA momentum keys for repeatability. > I am quite impressed that you could measure it this accurately. A VNA should not have a problem measuring that at RF frequencies. Cheers, Magnus